Crowdsource Is Not Open Source

by Simon Phipps Computerworlduk.com

Open source is not the same as crowdsourcing because open source community members are stakeholders whereas crowdsourcers get less than sharecroppers.

I've heard a few conversations in the last week treating open source interchangeably with crowdsourcing. Despite sounding the same they are very different, and the key difference is the ownership of the outcome.

Open source describes a pragmatic projection of the four software freedoms - to use, study, modify and distribute software for any purpose. As I have explained before, people who find value from the software synchronise the fragment of their activities which relates to the software in question in a community of others with related fragmentary needs (but without a necessarily related motivation behind it). The community is of equal peers, with no one participant necessarily benefiting more than any other. True open source communities are "open-by-rule" - they have a governance that ensures no single community member can exploit the others.

Crowdsourcing describes the leveraging of the marginal interest and free time of a large group of people to complete a task that otherwise could not be economically completed. The result typically benefits the initiator hugely, without significantly compensating the participants. It's one of the examples of crowd behaviour James Surowiecki cites in his very interesting book The Wisdom of Crowds.
The new US web phenomenon Kickstarter is a modern example of crowdsourcing. It allows entrepreneurs to pitch their wild idea on the web site, and then offer token rewards in return for donating money to pay for bootstrapping - or in some cases fully executing - the business in question. The web site's denizens pledge relatively small amounts of money and in return get token items - in some cases samples of the product to be created, in others just mementos - in the event that the project is fully funded. Importantly, they get no stake in the business that's created. They are not "investors" - they are instead crowdsourced donors, not even benefitting as much as sharecroppers.

This is not to say I think crowdsourcing in general is a bad thing. I am for example rooting for Mike Salmon to get fully funded today for his proposal to create an animated version of Neil Gaiman's "The Price", and have pledged a small amount towards it because I'd like to see it exist. But it's not the same thing as open source, where a community comes together for their collective mutual benefit and remain co-equal stakeholders.

As Henrik Ingo explains more colourfully, there are some businesses that don't understand this, and exploit community for their sole benefit in the name of open source. But you may by now have figured I don't have a high opinion of that approach!

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Crowdsourcing: 5 Reasons It's Not Just For Startups Any More

Next-generation enterprises looking to drive efficiency and innovation have recently been able to tap into online communities to offload work. For the first time since outsourcing became prevalent in the 90s -- making it easier to move tasks out to partners that could do something better or more cheaply than you could -- businesses now have a new, potent, and often far cheaper option thanks to the Web. Frequently referred to as crowdsourcing, and a darling of the Web 2.0 industry, it has recently come of age as the tools and marketplaces for on-demand work capacity on the network have expanded far beyond the early volunteer communities that originally proved out the concepts. These pioneers, which include the world of open source software and online services such as YouTube and Threadless, get most of their value from a large group of people or community through the simple use of an open invitation.
How Crowdsourcing Works...

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Kickstarter.com: Got a dream but no cash? The Internet can help

NEW YORK, Sept 4 (Reuters) - Chris Waddell wants to climb Kilimanjaro in a wheelchair; George Del Barrio wants to make a film in Cambodia; Jeff Edwards wants to write a book about a science fiction writer: they want you to fund their dreams.
A website called Kickstarter.com is making it possible for people like this to raise sums ranging from a few hundred to tens of thousands of dollars to fund anything that captures the imagination of Internet users with a little money to spare.
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